In the labyrinthine world of academic writing, each country possesses its own set of rules, its own unique code to decipher. For international students embarking on the journey of thesis writing in Germany, understanding and adhering to the academic conventions is akin to unlocking a complex puzzle. Just as a skilled navigator requires a map to traverse unfamiliar terrain, so too do students require guidance in navigating the intricacies of German thesis writing.

Imagine yourself as a traveler in a foreign land, equipped with only your intellect and determination. As you delve into the depths of academic inquiry, you encounter a myriad of challenges—from linguistic nuances to cultural expectations. However, fear not, for there exists a beacon of light amidst the darkness: resources like https://ghostwriting-seminararbeit.com/ provide invaluable assistance to German students seeking support in their academic endeavors.

In this article, we embark on a journey together—a journey to demystify the secrets of German thesis writing. Drawing upon insights from experts and seasoned scholars, we will uncover the foundational principles, linguistic intricacies, and cultural nuances that shape the landscape of academic writing in Germany. By the end of our exploration, you will be equipped not only with knowledge but also with practical strategies to navigate this challenging terrain with confidence and proficiency. So, let us embark on this adventure together, as we crack the code and unravel the mysteries of German thesis writing.

Unveiling the Foundations: Key Components of a German Thesis

In the grand tapestry of academic writing, a German thesis stands as a testament to meticulous research, rigorous analysis, and scholarly discourse. To embark on the journey of thesis writing in Germany is to navigate through a structured framework, where each component plays a crucial role in shaping the narrative of inquiry. Let us unravel the foundations of a German thesis, exploring the key components that form its structural backbone:

Introduction: The Gateway to Inquiry

• At the threshold of academic exploration lies the introduction, a gateway through which readers are invited into the realm of scholarly discourse.
• Here, the researcher sets the stage, delineating the scope, significance, and objectives of the study.
• The introduction serves as a roadmap, guiding readers through the labyrinth of ideas and laying the groundwork for subsequent chapters.

Literature Review: Mapping the Scholarly Landscape

• Like a cartographer mapping uncharted territories, the literature review surveys the scholarly landscape, tracing the contours of existing knowledge and identifying gaps for exploration.
• Through a systematic review of relevant literature, the researcher contextualizes their study within the broader academic discourse, establishing credibility and relevance.
• This critical analysis serves as the cornerstone of the thesis, providing a solid foundation upon which new insights and contributions can be built.

Methodology: The Blueprint of Inquiry

• With precision akin to an architect drafting blueprints, the methodology section outlines the framework for inquiry, detailing the research design, methods, and procedures employed.
• Transparency and rigor are paramount, as researchers meticulously delineate their approach, ensuring reproducibility and reliability.
• Whether employing qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods, clarity and coherence are essential, allowing readers to evaluate the validity and robustness of the study.

Results: Unveiling the Findings

• As the curtain rises on the stage of inquiry, the results section unveils the findings of the study, presenting empirical evidence and insights gleaned from analysis.
• Here, researchers showcase their discoveries, employing tables, figures, and descriptive narratives to elucidate key findings and patterns.
• Precision and conciseness are paramount, as researchers strive to communicate their results with clarity and objectivity, avoiding interpretation or speculation.

Discussion: Interpretation and Implications

• In the arena of scholarly discourse, the discussion section serves as a forum for interpretation, analysis, and reflection.
• Here, researchers engage in a critical dialogue with their findings, contextualizing them within the broader theoretical framework and addressing implications for theory, practice, and future research.
• Rigorous analysis, nuanced interpretation, and thoughtful reflection are hallmarks of this section, as researchers seek to contribute meaningfully to their field of study.

In unraveling the foundations of a German thesis, we uncover not merely a structural framework, but a testament to scholarly rigor, intellectual inquiry, and academic excellence. As researchers embark on their own quest for knowledge, may they heed 

the lessons gleaned from this exploration, navigating with precision and purpose as they chart the uncharted territories of academic inquiry.

Cracking the Linguistic Code: Language Considerations in German Thesis Writing

Within the realm of German thesis writing, language serves as both a tool and a barrier, shaping the discourse and influencing the reception of scholarly work. As international students navigate the linguistic landscape of academic writing in Germany, they encounter a multitude of considerations and challenges, from mastering the intricacies of German grammar to adapting to the formal tone and conventions of scholarly discourse.

At the heart of the linguistic code lies the imperative of linguistic proficiency. While many German universities offer programs and courses in English, a solid command of the German language is often indispensable for engaging with the academic community and accessing resources. From reading seminal texts to communicating with peers and professors, fluency in German opens doors to a wealth of opportunities and enriches the academic experience.

Moreover, language proficiency extends beyond mere comprehension to encompass the art of expression. In the context of thesis writing, students must not only understand complex academic concepts but also articulate their ideas with clarity, precision, and eloquence. This requires not only a mastery of vocabulary and grammar but also an appreciation for the nuances of academic style and register.

Central to the linguistic code is the use of formal language and academic terminology. Unlike informal conversation or casual writing, academic discourse demands a level of formality and precision that may be unfamiliar to non-native speakers. From the use of passive voice to the avoidance of colloquialisms, adhering to the conventions of academic language is essential for conveying authority and credibility in scholarly writing.

Furthermore, students must navigate the intricacies of disciplinary jargon and specialized terminology specific to their field of study. Whether in the humanities, natural sciences, or social sciences, each discipline possesses its own lexicon and conventions, which students must master in order to communicate effectively with their peers and contribute meaningfully to their academic discourse.

In addition to linguistic proficiency and formal language, students must also grapple with the cultural dimensions of academic writing in Germany. Language is not merely a means of communication but also a reflection of culture, values, and norms. In the context of thesis writing, students must navigate cultural expectations regarding academic rigor, critical thinking, and intellectual autonomy, while also respecting the conventions of academic etiquette and citation practices.

In conclusion, mastering the linguistic code is an essential aspect of thesis writing in Germany, requiring not only linguistic proficiency but also an understanding of the cultural dimensions of academic discourse. By honing their language skills, students can unlock the full potential of their academic inquiry, engaging with the scholarly community and making meaningful contributions to their field of study.

Navigating Cultural Expectations: Understanding Academic Conventions in German Universities

Embarking on an academic journey in Germany is not merely a matter of mastering the language and content; it’s also about navigating the intricate web of cultural expectations embedded within the academic landscape. German universities boast a rich tradition of intellectual rigor, critical inquiry, and scholarly excellence, shaped by centuries of academic tradition and cultural heritage. As international students immerse themselves in this dynamic environment, they encounter a myriad of cultural nuances and conventions that shape the norms and expectations of academic life.

One of the defining features of academic culture in Germany is the emphasis on precision and thoroughness. German scholarship is renowned for its meticulous attention to detail, methodological rigor, and exhaustive analysis. From meticulously crafted research proposals to comprehensive literature reviews, German students are expected to demonstrate a depth of knowledge and a commitment to excellence that is unparalleled in many other academic contexts.

Moreover, German academia places a premium on intellectual autonomy and critical thinking. Students are encouraged to question established theories, challenge conventional wisdom, and engage in spirited debate with their peers and professors. This culture of intellectual inquiry fosters a dynamic and vibrant academic community, where diverse perspectives and innovative ideas are celebrated and encouraged.

Another hallmark of academic culture in Germany is the emphasis on collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue. German universities are renowned for their vibrant research communities, where scholars from diverse disciplines come together to tackle complex problems and pursue groundbreaking research. Whether through interdisciplinary seminars, collaborative research projects, or interdisciplinary study programs, German students have ample opportunities to engage with scholars from a wide range of academic backgrounds and perspectives.

Furthermore, German academia places a strong emphasis on academic integrity and ethical conduct. Plagiarism and academic dishonesty are considered serious offenses, and students are expected to adhere to the highest standards of academic ethics and professionalism. This commitment to integrity not only ensures the credibility and reliability of academic research but also fosters a culture of trust and mutual respect within the academic community.

In navigating these cultural expectations, international students may encounter challenges and opportunities for growth. By embracing the rich diversity of perspectives and approaches within German academia, students can broaden their horizons, expand their intellectual toolkit, and enrich their academic experience. Ultimately, by understanding and embracing the cultural conventions of German universities, international students can thrive in this vibrant and dynamic academic environment, making meaningful contributions to their field of study and forging lifelong connections with scholars from around the world.

Strategies for Success: Practical Tips and Resources

Embarking on the journey of thesis writing in Germany can be both exhilarating and daunting for international students. However, with careful planning, perseverance, and the right resources, navigating the challenges of academic writing in a foreign country can become a rewarding and enriching experience. Here are some practical tips and resources to help international students succeed in their thesis writing endeavors:

Time Management:

• Develop a realistic timeline for your thesis project, breaking down tasks into manageable chunks.
• Utilize time management tools and techniques such as Pomodoro Technique or Kanban boards to stay organized and focused.

Seek Mentorship:

• Reach out to faculty members, advisors, or senior students for guidance and mentorship.
• Join academic support groups or workshops offered by your university to connect with peers and receive feedback on your work.

Utilize Academic Support Services:

• Take advantage of writing centers, language labs, and academic support services offered by your university.
• Seek assistance from librarians or research specialists to navigate academic databases and locate relevant resources for your thesis.

Improve Language Skills:

• Enroll in language courses or language exchange programs to improve your German language proficiency.
• Practice academic writing in German by writing drafts, seeking feedback, and revising your work to enhance clarity and coherence.

Cultivate Research Skills:

• Hone your research skills by familiarizing yourself with academic databases, citation styles, and research methodologies.
• Attend workshops or seminars on research methods and literature review techniques offered by your university or academic associations.

Stay Organized:

• Keep track of your research materials, notes, and drafts using digital or physical organizational tools such as reference managers or notebooks.
• Create an outline or structure for your thesis to maintain coherence and ensure that all aspects of your research are adequately addressed.

Balance Work and Life:

• Prioritize self-care and maintain a healthy work-life balance by scheduling regular breaks, engaging in hobbies, and spending time with friends and family.
• Recognize the importance of rest and relaxation in maintaining productivity and well-being throughout the thesis writing process.

Stay Persistent and Flexible:

• Recognize that thesis writing is a journey filled with ups and downs, setbacks, and breakthroughs.
• Stay persistent in your efforts, remain open to feedback and constructive criticism, and adapt your approach as needed to overcome challenges and achieve your goals.

By implementing these strategies and tapping into available resources, international students can navigate the complexities of thesis writing in Germany with confidence and competence. Remember that success is not solely measured by the final product but also by the growth, learning, and personal development achieved along the way.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the journey of “Cracking the Code: Understanding Academic Conventions in German Thesis Writing” has been a voyage of discovery, insight, and growth for international students navigating the intricate landscape of German academia.

Through our exploration, we have unveiled the foundational principles, linguistic intricacies, cultural dimensions, and practical strategies that shape the landscape of thesis writing in Germany. From deciphering the structural components of a German thesis to navigating the nuances of language and culture, international students have gained valuable insights and resources to guide them on their academic journey.

As we reflect on our exploration, it becomes evident that success in German thesis writing is not merely a matter of mastering the technical aspects of academic writing but also embracing the cultural and intellectual ethos of German academia. By honing their language skills, cultivating critical thinking, seeking mentorship, and utilizing academic support services, international students can thrive in this vibrant and dynamic academic environment, making meaningful contributions to their field of study and forging lifelong connections with scholars from around the world.

As the curtain falls on our exploration, let us carry forward the lessons learned, the friendships forged, and the discoveries made, as we continue our quest for knowledge and academic excellence in the rich tapestry of German academia. With determination, perseverance, and a spirit of inquiry, international students can crack the code of German thesis writing and embark on a journey of intellectual discovery that transcends borders and enriches lives.

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You don’t need mathematics to be a gambler, but you do need it to succeed as one. You’ve probably heard the phrase “math is the language of science.” But what does that mean? Math is used to explain how things work—and it’s also how we make things work.

Whether playing poker or blackjack or betting on horses or the lottery, math is at the heart of every game of chance. And if you want to win those games, you’ll need to know how to use mathematical concepts and tricks to give yourself an edge over your opponents.

In this post, we’ll point out seven ways that mathematical concepts and tricks can help you succeed as a gambler.

1. Math is a Language

The odds of winning a game or a bet can be described as statistics, and You can translate statistics into math. Numbers aren’t just numbers—they’re also words that describe the probability of something happening.

Everything in gambling can be described by mathematical concepts, from the game’s rules to your strategy. If you understand how math works and applies to gambling, you’ll have the edge over other players.

2. Math Is Logical

Tools like linear regression can help you make sense of large volumes of data and draw conclusions that would otherwise be impossible to draw. For example, if you’re looking at historical sales data, linear regression will allow you to find the relationship between two variables (like sales and price). You can use that relationship to predict future sales based on current prices. The same principle applies when analyzing sports stats or casino games—it allows you to find patterns in the data to predict what will happen next.

If you understand how to work with numbers, you’ll be able to spot patterns and trends more quickly. This will help you make better decisions about when, who to play against, and what bets are worth taking. 

3. The Concept of “Expected Value”

If you’re going to be a successful gambler, you need to understand the expected value concept. This concept states that if you have a choice between two bets, one with a high payout and one with a low payout, you should always choose the bet with the higher payout.

You might think this doesn’t apply to gambling because the odds are usually fixed. However, there are still ways for you to increase your chances of winning. For example, when playing blackjack at a crypto casino no deposit bonus, some strategies can help improve your chances of winning (like splitting pairs). These strategies may seem complicated, but they’re quite simple.

4. Math Lets You Quantify Your Risk-Reward Ratio

Knowing the odds of any given bet is critical to success in gambling. If you are betting on a game of chance, such as roulette or craps, then you need to know your chances of winning based on the game’s rules. 

Even when playing games involving skill, such as blackjack or poker, knowing how much money you can expect to win with your starting bankroll is essential.

This is where mathematics comes into play. It lets you quantify your risk-reward ratio—the amount of money you stand to make against the amount you could lose if things go wrong. Calculating this ratio will help ensure that you don’t take on more risk than is necessary for the potential reward.

5. Create New Strategies Based on Mathematical Principles Rather Than Instinct Alone

Many gamblers are successful simply because they play by instinct and feel. They may not know how to calculate the odds or use probability, but their hunches are often spot-on, and their wins are frequent enough to make up for any losses.

However, if you want to be a successful gambler over the long term (and not just a lucky one), it’s important that you understand the math behind your choices. You don’t need to be an expert (although it helps!), but understanding how probabilities work can help you create new strategies that will lead to more wins and money.

6. The Use of Percentages and Ratios

In gambling, percentages and ratios are essential for calculating winnings and losses. You need to understand these mathematical concepts to increase your chances of winning.

Ratios are used in gambling to determine how much money you can make or lose. For example, if you bet $10 on a game with a 10:1 payout ratio, then you will earn $100 if you win that game. This means that the payout ratio is 10:1 because it increases your earnings by ten times when you win.

Percentages are also used to calculate the potential value of an outcome based on the total amount wagered on that outcome. 

7. To Evaluate the House Hedge

If you want to be a successful gambler, you’ll evaluate the house’s position in a way that makes sense for your strategy. You must understand how much money the casino has at stake in any game and what they are willing to risk on each play.

However, it requires knowledge of basic probability and statistics, which not everyone has. But if you can get your head around these concepts, it will help you make better decisions about how much money you want to spend playing games where there is an advantage for the casino.

Conclusion

Math is the language of gambling; without it, you’ll be unable to keep up with the world around you. You’ll be lost in a haze of numbers that seem random and meaningless, unable to make sense of them or connect them with the real world.

Knowing how to calculate odds, identify patterns, and make educated guesses will help you make better decisions that can lead to big wins. It is especially true when it comes to sports betting. 

With the proper knowledge of mathematical concepts and tricks, you’ll be able to predict game outcomes more accurately than ever before. You don’t need a degree in statistics or calculus; just an interest in learning more about how numbers work will do

The post 7 Reasons You Need Mathematical Concepts and Tricks to Succeed as a Gambler appeared first on Science NC.

Have you seen the movie 21? Where the mathematical genius and his maths teacher beat one casino after another. The idea of counting playing cards is far from new. Many gamblers are wondering: Is it realistic to calculate your winnings?

Let’s look at this difficult, but very interesting question! This article will show you not only the theoretical part of the aspect, but also reveal a real example of success.

How are mathematics and gambling related?

Mathematics is primarily seen well in card games such as baccarat or poker. With the help of mathematical calculations, a player can calculate and restructure his or her playing strategy. Many card games involve a number of arithmetical operations: counting points, adding and multiplying final scores and similar.

Finding the best option for a particular game will require knowledge of mathematics. It’s not just about calculating profits, it’s about distributing money profitably throughout the game to get the best payoffs. Customers who are familiar with probability theory will find it easier to see points in the course of the game that give them the opportunity to convert the situation into a winnings.

One of the basic concepts in gambling is the mathematical expectation. This indicator demonstrates what average amount a player is likely to win or lose, in case he performs a particular bet size.

It is possible to set this index for any bet size by multiplying the parameters of losses or wins by the level of probability of such events during mathematical operations.

Parameters of mathematical expectation level change when the size of payouts changes. An increase in the payout level of a game indicates a positive profit outlook. In case of different betting parameters, expectation level will also be different. In this case, under all circumstances, expectation parameters of a player correspond to a percentage of a certain sum of gambling bets. Levels of mathematical expectation for a long betting game are equal to the total value of expectation for each of the bets separately.

In the course of the game, you cannot predict the exact parameters of the outcome of a particular draw at online slots without GamStop. However, using precise calculations, you can determine the outcome of the day’s play or the overall outcome of the game with a certain probability.

Real success story

As interesting as the theoretical aspect is, practice is always more exciting. This seems to be what drove Edward Thorp to create his casino winning scheme. The scientist was always convinced that science should solve real problems. And one day he set out to develop a casino-winning algorithm. And you have to hand it to him, he succeeded!

Thorp even wrote a book, “Beat the Dealer”, which thrilled the whole world! In it, he talks about winning strategies for playing blackjack. He also invented a baccarat card-counting system. And together with his friend Claude Shannon, they developed a portable computer adapted to win at roulette.

The scientist was interested in winning at blackjack for a very long time. He was confused by the fact that even experienced players did not go into the mathematics of this card game.
Thorp was able to calculate all the winning combinations at MIT, where he was working at the time. The computers at his university helped him calculate more than a million card combinations, which changed the course of the game both in the player’s favour and in the dealer’s favour. In the course of his calculations, he managed to determine that more cards above nine (tens to aces) were better for the player. Thorp then determined that the best winning tactic is to count high value cards.

In order to determine which side has the advantage, the player has to keep an eye on the number of other cards in relation to the high cards. In numbers terms:

• A full deck has 52 cards, with 16 high cards and 36 other cards.
• The ratio of cards above nine to the others is calculated as follows: 36/12=2,25.
• So the winning position for the player is defined this way: if at the time of betting the ratio is less than 2.25 then it is positive for the player. Also, the lower the ratio, the better the player’s odds.

Thorpe has chosen to place his bets according to the Kelly criterion. It recommends making large bets when the player is in an advantageous position. If the dealer is in an advantageous position, it is advisable to make small bets.

Such a scheme makes it possible to win the bulk of large bets and stay in considerable profit, even if one loses most of the small bets.

Of course, the scientist did not stop there. He was interested in the scientific aspect of playing each of the gambling games. Continuing his research, he derived several more successful roulette and blackjack strategies. Following these games, Thorpe was able to develop a successful baccarat strategy. Along with this, he wrote two more books about winning strategies for the game. Once again, this shook the entire gambling world.

His fame was ahead of him. He was banned from playing in a number of casinos and there were direct threats to his life and those of his betting partners. So he changed his line of business, but he will always go down in history as a scientist who managed to develop winning strategies and tactics for casino card games!

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In the world of online casinos, gambling & betting with bitcoin is nothing new. The struggle to secure and retain players’ interest has never been more difficult, with numerous casinos adopting cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies. The rapid advancement of Bitcoin casinos has attracted massive amounts of traffic from all around the globe to Australian real money online casinos: https://onlinecasinos-australia.net/real-money-casinos

The online gambling industry has exploded with the emergence of Bitcoin and the virtual currency industry. As a result, there has been a quick increase in bitcoin casinos attempting to cash in on the excitement to maintain their hold on fans.

About Golden Crown Casino

Golden Crown casino is Australia friendly online gambling site, and it is among the most recent additions to the Aussie market. You may have come upon this gambling website and are unsure whether it is appropriate for you.

Well, we’ve done the legwork for you and collated all the service’s key features in our comprehensive review. You’ll learn more about its bonus system, software providers, the new user spins, regulatory status, games, and advantages and disadvantages.

Goldencrown casino Australia has just been open for a little over a year, having launched in early 2019. Even though the casino caters to a worldwide audience, Kazakhstani players are the ones that return the most.

Its primary concentration is on games, and it does not provide Sportsbook help or any other form of alternative gambling. You must share your personal and bank info while creating an account on this site. That is unless you are making a payment with a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin.

Enhancement of Golden Crown Casino Algorithm

The Golden Crown Casino’s site is mostly about elegance and simplicity. It has a regal green background with black accents. The writing on the webpage is golden, with flecks of white thrown in for good measure. The bonus or promotional plan is one of the main factors that attract players to an online casino. Golden Crown, on the other hand, takes a significant shot at the marketplace by putting together a convincing offer.

The method they manage to generate a compelling impact with a basic design immediately catches your eye. They have such a way of emphasizing the highlights with bright colors and big fonts while keeping the rest of the information in the background.

You’ll notice their logo & online casino name right away, and also the bonuses plus their related graphics, which are impressive, to say the least. However, underneath this, there are games category links with a more subdued color theme. 

GoldenCrown Casino will hire several mathematics to improve casino algorithms. They will want more players to get little winnings, while the casino still stays with profits. The newly hired mathematicians will work on the algorithm of Golden Crown Australia and make some enhancements to it. In this way, Golden Crown Casino will earn and get more profits at the same time. In online casinos, the algorithm is everything. The better the algorithm, the more the profit.  

Applied Applications of Modern Mathematics

Some people may classify science as fundamental or applied, but there’s usually a lot of overlap between the two. This department is conditional insofar as it is contingent on fundamental discoveries constantly being helpful and applicable. For example, all our technologies are reliant on the research of greats like Faraday and Maxwell in their studies of electricity. On the other hand, applied questions often lead to interesting basic research. This leads to a increased encouragement of curiosity and awareness.

To stay innovative, most companies support applied research in their field. They do this through large departments and developing projects at the cutting edge of science.

Governments have the resources and capacity for long-term, careful planning that private investors can’t. This is why it’s important for governments to invest in deep research. Science is important to our society and corporations are doing their part by actively supporting it, especially in the developed countries!

There are a few points that impress. It firstly holds true if there is developed fundamental science, then there are also scientists who can tackle practical challenges with more flexibility than those who work on a specific problem.

Furthermore, if the foundation of science is solid then it will lead to a more well-rounded education for younger generations. They’ll be able to focus on both fundamental and practical sciences.

This is where fundamental science comes into the picture. Sometimes, it can provide short-term gratification while establishing a certain standing. For instance, just look at how most American companies have started to devote more resources to fundamental research departments over the past few decades.

Which company should have been known as the world’s leading developer of mathematical science?

All the technology we use today is based on maths. A digital economy or new technological order will be dependent on the work of mathematicians and making sure everyone who works in related fields has had a good grounding in maths. And only when we have this advanced math, can we be confident in that. A student with a good background in math will also do better in other subject areas such as engineering and biology.

How can support be provided for students and young scientists?

There are two points here. The first is purely financial support. Students are given a scholarship that allows them to focus on their studies and not earn extra money while they’re in school. During your first year of study, it’s especially challenging to focus on independent study since you didn’t get a lot of it in the afternoon when you were at school. Now you need to spend more time on yourself and not be distracted. The same is true of graduate programs. If you look at the modern system, most of the graduate students work part-time for various organizations. These obligations can make it hard for them to follow their research schedule.

The second is to maintain good teaching and research conditions. Interesting lectures, opportunities to meet with scientists from other countries, and get acquainted with their scientific achievements create a well-rounded student experience. To provide input from various fields on both “scientific” and “life matters”, mentors must be always consulted. This is an even more important aspect than the first.

Colleagues from larger companies often take the initiative to help new students enter the workplace, especially those from overseas. They help them study in certain schools in large cities and may provide them with scholarships or support their efforts to attend conferences. Large companies help to popularize programs by investing large amounts of money in them. This investment is important for both the innovation of the program and its popularity.

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Olympiads have been held for more than 100 years. It all began with mathematical and physical Olympiads, which were similar in format to school tests. The organizers wrote the problems on the board, and the participants wrote down the solutions on sheets and handed them in. Then the results were announced. Sometimes assignments were published in magazines. In this case, the student sent a notebook with the solutions in an envelope by mail.

Since then the Olympiads have evolved and changed. First they were held on science subjects, and later on all other subjects, and not only on school subjects. Today’s Olympiad tasks cover literally all areas of life. Students compete in design, Latin, management, basics of entrepreneurship, robotics, financial literacy, biomedicine, oriental studies, journalism, political science and engineering. It is impossible to list everything.

The formats of the competitions also expanded. As the organizers do not have any restrictions, they are constantly coming up with new forms and combining existing ones in unimaginable combinations. It is interesting, but it is very hard to understand this diversity and to choose “the right” olympiad.

Though most intellectual competitions remained personal, there are very few classic olympiads.

Full-time

To take part in an intramural Olympiad it is enough to register and come to a predetermined location. For convenience of participants organizers of some competitions open their sites in large regional centers, at schools or universities. So if you are lucky you will write an Olympiad in your hometown school or after the competition you will have a walk in your dream university.

Online

In other words, online or Internet-Olympiads. This format attracts participants, because they do not need to go anywhere, just have a computer with Internet access. For today’s students this is a familiar “habitat”, and interactive tasks are much more interesting to perform.

Convenience and accessibility of correspondence olympiads are especially appreciated by parents of junior high school students, who have to accompany their children, if the competition is held in person. There is no such a problem with Internet-Olympiads.

True, there are not so many competitions entirely by correspondence. Most often, selection rounds are held remotely. Their number and duration depends on the rules of the Olympiad, and varies from several hours to several weeks or even months. Usually pupils are given the choice at what moment to perform the tasks, the main thing is to manage within the allotted time period. Those who successfully pass the correspondence tests are invited to the final in person.

For all their merits, the olympiads in absentia are unreliable. It is difficult to verify whether a participant carried out tasks himself or was assisted. That is why the Internet Olympiads do not give preferences for admission to universities.

Still, the competitions by correspondence are a good training, which is comfortable for pupils.

Team

Online team competition. Solving problems, it’s important to give a lot of correct answers in a row Math informatics and 8 other subjects
In such olympiads, students perform tasks together and fight for a common result. However, the formats of team competitions vary depending on the subject and the imagination of the organizers.

Team Olympiads are good teamwork experiences. Participants learn to work out common solutions, to respect the opinions of others, and to divide responsibilities. Working together and sharing the same goal helps keep students motivated and united. By the heat and spectacle team competitions are similar to sports competitions, so they are equally interesting for both participants, and those who just came to watch and to support their friends.

Theoretical and practical rounds

Olympiads are often held in several rounds, which are divided into theoretical and practical. The former usually involve written assignments or extended texts, so they are called written papers.

International

High school students represent their country at international competitions. To qualify for world-class competitions, students have to undergo a rigorous selection process.

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Scientists at Skoltech and the University of Kentucky conducted a study in which they made a new connection between quantum information and quantum field theory. This work is further confirmation of the growing role of quantum information in various fields of physics. The results of the study are presented in an article published in the journal Physical Review Letters.

Quantum information plays an increasingly important role as an organizing principle linking different fields of physics. For example, one part of today’s understanding of quantum gravity is the theory of quantum error correction, which describes ways to protect and restore information in quantum computers and other complex interacting systems.

“Normally, information stored in physical systems is localized. For example, a computer file occupies a certain small area of a hard drive. Any unforeseen or unwanted interaction that results in information being written to a larger area of the disk, we call an “error.” In ours, this would be fragments of a computer file that would be scattered over different parts of the hard drive. In order to put these fragments together and restore the original information, special mathematical protocols are used – the so-called error correction codes, which are widely used in data storage and transfer systems. In cases where the quantum nature of the physical system is important, quantum error correction codes perform a similar function of information recovery,” says Anatoly Dymarsky, associate professor at Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology.

Scientists have recently found that quantum gravity, which describes the dynamics of quantum space and time, uses similar mathematical protocols to exchange information between different parts of space.

“Locality of information in quantum gravity is still one of few unsolved fundamental problems of theoretical physics. That’s why there is great interest in the appearance of well-studied mathematical structures, such as quantum error correction codes,” notes Anatoly Dymarsky.

So far, scientists have only been able to get a schematic view of the role of codes, but to understand in detail what mechanism underlies the locality of information has not yet succeeded.

In their new paper, Anatoly Dymarsky and his colleague Alfred Shapir of the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, first established a connection between quantum error correction codes and two-dimensional conformal field theories. The latter describe interactions between quantum particles and are already used as a generally accepted tool for the theoretical description of a range of phenomena, from fundamental elementary particles to the quasi-particles present in materials such as graphene. Some of these conformal field theories also describe quantum gravity within a holographic correspondence framework.

“Now we have a new “polygon”, a new field to investigate the role of quantum error correction codes within quantum field theory and consequently quantum gravity. We hope that this is the first step toward understanding what mechanism underlies the locality of information and what is behind all this beautiful mathematics,” Dymarsky concludes.

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Scientists at the Graubünden University of Applied Sciences were able to calculate the exact value of Pi and set a new world record. Their achievement will enter the Guinness Book of World Records.

The complete calculation took 108 days and nine hours. The final number now consists of 62.8 trillion digits. The calculation was done by a supercomputer from the Data Analysis, Visualization and Simulation Center (DAViS). And the calculation itself took half as long as it did in 2019. The previous calculation stopped at 50 trillion digits.

The new sequence of numbers scientists have not yet disclosed. Only the last ten of them are known. Project manager Thomas Keller said that the application to the Guinness Book of World Records will be submitted in the next two weeks. Evaluation and publication of the world record usually takes one to four months.

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